Morality of convenience: the ongoing failure to protect hospitals and health workers in conflict zones
BMJ 2023; 383 doi: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.p2681 (Published 16 November 2023) Cite this as: BMJ 2023;383:p2681
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Dear Editor
Your recent Editor’s choice (BMJ 383 2681 2023) reflected on our collective failure – internationally, as medical professionals and personally – to recognise awful consequences of violence and war. However, mulling over your comments, I was concerned. There is an added noxious dimension to current events going beyond the warzone itself.
Last Sunday evening (19th November), cold and wet in London, I found thoughts and words to respond. I ventured out to a central medical school campus. I had promised the student Jewish Medical Association UK (JMA) group (drawn from many medical schools) to call in to their event. Much of the campus was in darkness, so it was easy to track rooms they were using by lights.
Inside I found tables arranged for Jewish medical students to run mock multiple mini-interviews timed stations for A level students applying for medical school intake 2024. For me, as a medical academic, the atmosphere was nothing short of inspirational. If you like, the message of the light outside was amplified inside. The engagement and enthusiasm of candidates was matched by the mature way the students questioned them and then provided feedback. The organisers were troubleshooting, helping to convey a positive environment. They had prepared questions sheets which could easily be used by medical school panels. I found myself reflecting that here I really saw the refreshing buzz of excitement, of wanting to become a doctor, and hoping only that they can retain this sense of commitment to learning and caring at medical school and in future careers.
But there was a dark side to my observations this year. I recognised some of the medical students. Some had contacted me: they had been told not to attend classes during the past month because there were likely to be antisemitic incidents. Others had been confronted with marchers carrying banners and shouting slogans that were overtly threatening to Jews. Many had been subjected to Jew hatred – including comparison between Jews and Nazis, true Holocaust weaponizing – on social media. Among the more observant several were struggling to have their rights to religious observance recognised. Several prospective and present medical students had relatives and friends – their own age – in the Israeli Defence Forces. One or two mentioned they had heard that there were UK doctors, participants in antisemitic abuse, being reported to the General Medical Council. And even the A level students were not immune, talking about amplified security at Jewish school.
Of course, none of this was new to me: unfortunately, the JMA receives all too much of this information. But what was new, and in some ways inspirational, was how - despite all this – these young people were resilient enough to contribute in the way they were doing. Not to be put off by the threatening environments that they encounter. And for already students, not to try to put their peers off from pursuing a medical career.
Competing interests: Executive Chair, Jewish Medical Association UK.
Dear Editor
We are unfortunately witnessing the indiscriminate loss of lives and life changing injuries sustained by children and women in addition to hospital patients, health care workers and others in Gaza. The efforts of doctors and healthcare professionals who, at great personal risk, work in inconceivably adverse circumstances, including the loss of electricity, medical supplies, oxygen, scarcity of water, food and other essentials, is nothing short of heroic. Tragically, some of these professionals are amongst the casualties of the conflict.
Though credible organisations like MSF, WHO and UNICEF have repeatedly called for a ceasefire to stop further loss of lives, this has so far not materialised. The editorial is a timely, solemn reminder of the key principle that "our moral, non-negotiable duty must be to support and ensure the protection of health facilities, health professionals, and vulnerable people in conflict zones."
.
Competing interests: No competing interests
Dear Editor
Paraphrasing Obama's words on Gaza - "There's blood on everyone's hands."
António Guterres made a statesmanlike speech in the UN and was viciously attacked for his thoughtful skilled equipoise.
I experience sympathy for both communities, in direct proportion to the aggregate per capita death toll. The dead, the maimed, the dispossessed, the bereaved and the psychologically devastated are all equal in their plight - regardless of which side they are on.
None has the moral high ground. Neither will ever surrender. Both take absolutist positions and give no quarter. The scene is set for millennia of conflict - elements of Islam still resent the Crusades and much of the basis for positions adopted derives from oral and written traditions from the dawn of history.
A substantial proportion of Israeli and Palestinian people would, I strongly suspect, be capable of living together in harmony but the witches cauldron of nationalism, ethnocentricity and entitlement is kept roiling by the bitter, damaged and murderously obdurate zealots in both communities.
There are parallels to be drawn with actual or incipient or frozen conflicts all across the planet. Nor should we forget the other existential threats that confront us all.
Calling for leadership is an obvious first step but there is a more profound need.
In the absence of evidence to the contrary, the one dominant species on the surface of this tiny wet rock at the unfashionable end of the universe, us - Homo sapiens, is the most advanced life form in existence. The sheer improbability of our existence defies our combined numeracy skills. The terrifyingly precarious hold that we have on that existence cannot be overstated. And yet we have the rank idiocy to behave as we do - widespread combat, rampant inequality, heedless consumerism, the pursuit of assets far beyond any rational need, the squandering of irreplaceable resources, the amoral, asocial seedy barbarianism that we call politics, the destruction of the ecosphere upon which we depend absolutely...
Either we all learn to live and love, work and play together, in intelligent harmony with each other and our planet or we encounter The Great Filter.
One planet, one dominant species, one common fate - no exceptions.
It is everyone's heart and mind that must change.
Yours sincerely
Steve Ford
Competing interests: No competing interests
Dear Editor
Thank you for publishing these comments. BMJ at least has taken the humane and sane approach of giving voice to these statements--as opposed to many other health care organizations and even journals ("Health Professionals and War in the Middle East," JAMA, 8 Nov 2023). Governments and military sectors have lost their way, leading the whole world into a dangerous abyss. As health care professionals we must uphold the sanctity of life and safe guarding of hospitals.
Competing interests: No competing interests
Re: Morality of convenience: the ongoing failure to protect hospitals and health workers in conflict zones
Dear Editor,
you aptly illustrated that UN bodies asked for full stop of the military operations on Gaza, appealed to the ICC, in view of a carnage of women and children (70% of the 15.000 plus victims) as never before in the century and targeting of health infrastructures and personnel.
After a pause, this is just starting again.
Calls to protect health personnel by medical professionals, were not echoed by the Israeli Medical Association, national medical associations, and the World Medical Association; they remained silent, regardless of clear targeting of health services. They ignored the sacrifice in lives (plus 160 victims) of medical teams and expressed no solidarity and support for their abnegation in the dire situation.
The ethical dilemmas of Gaza professionals lacking means for proper anesthesia, pain relief and for reducing post trauma infections, should interrogate medical professionals and be ground for requesting protection and accounting. Hundreds more children’s and adult's lives were lost in hospitals, adding to those killed by the weapons.
It was not proven that Al Shifa was the location of central command of Hamas, and anyhow how this implies attacks on all (29/35) health facilities in the North of Gaza?
Since October 8, all were strangled by cutting water, electricity, fuel, food and all medical supplies, menaced if did not close, then directly hit and personnel arrested or displaced forcibly out of the facility.
Summarizing major events: October 17 Alhi hospital courtyard bombed; Turkish friendship cancer, Eyes, Wada, Pediatric Nasser and Rantissi hospitals hit and forced to close, the last with forcible displacement of the personnel and families, while not transportable babies were left unattended; Awda hospital and the Aqsa hospital repeatedly damaged by hits, whit many victims; Indonesia hospital and Shifa -both hit many times destroying whole sections, killing attending nurses and others. Essential machinery, surgical theaters, oxygen generator, solar panels, and ICUs directly hit; personnel kept captive while bodies of the dead accumulated in their premises, when hospital had become shelter for thousands of displaced people.
Regardless of abnegation of personnel, no fully functional medical facilities and maternities remain in the North of Gaza. 52 out of 75 primary care clinics and adult not communicable disease and dialysis services forced to close. The medical and science faculties in Gaza were destroyed. More than 100 UNWRA personnel was killed. More than 50 ambulances taken off use.
Worse, this is not totally new or unexpected: since 2014 IDF attacked hospitals and education structures, impairing survival and future for all. During the 17 years siege of Gaza, health services were constantly impaired through denial of instruments and supplies, restricting permits for training and of access for foreign professionals, as documented by UN, major NGOs (1). Since 2021 this ban was the tightest, and the economic crisis due to the blockade induced decrease in the number of university medicine and science students.
The temporary ceasefire showed the immense devastation also of hospitals, made more sad because attacks on hospital was recommended also by 100 Israeli doctors (2) in contravention with any international law and ethics.
Should not all professionals and their associations, finally chorally ask a full unconditional and long lasting ceasefire, condemn the destruction of health structure which multiplies deaths, recognize the abnegation of the Gaza colleagues, appreciate that a war crime has been committed and lament also the forced dispersal of accumulated work, experience and labor invested in the Gaza's health system which can hardly be reconstructed in short time? should they not uphold the inalienable human right of care for the people of Gaza? should they not help by standing strongly to go beyond temporary charity and advocate for stable resolutions?
Paola Manduca, Geneticist,
retired Associate Professor University of Genoa, Italy
paolamanduca@gmail.com
References
1- https://www.icrc.org/en/document/gaza-protecting-healthcare-conflict
-https://casebook.icrc.org/case-study/israelpalestine-operation-protectiv...
- https://www.ohchr.org/en/hr-bodies/hrc/co-i-gaza-conflict/report-co-i-gaza
2- https://www.aa.com.tr/en/middle-east/israeli-doctors-group-calls-for-bom...
- https://www.commondreams.org/news/gaza-doctors-letter
Competing interests: No competing interests